Abstract

Cotton is one of the most economical crops which provides the world with good quality fiber, oil and animal feed.  For the production of high quality and yield of fiber new varieties of cotton are produced. They also possess resistance against diseases and pests. There are many traditional and modern techniques that are used for the production of new varieties containing genes for better yield and resistance. In past many conventional methods were used for the breeding of cotton, such as back crossing, hybridization, polyploidization, mutational breeding. But now, there are many modern techniques available for the breeding of plants, removal, or addition of genes of interest in the genome of a selected plant species. Many markers are used to identify the location of a specific gene, which can be further isolated and inserted into some other genome. Genome editing, zinger finger nucleases, TALENS, and CRISPR Cas. In the future there will be new technologies for the improvement of crops and economical plants